#28 - Denis Noble - Why The Last 80 Years of Biology Was Wrong & What Does it Mean For Us?

We're joined by Dr. Denis Noble, Professor Emeritus of Cardiovascular Physiology at the University of Oxford, and the father of 'systems biology'. He is known for his groundbreaking creation of the first mathematical model of the heart's electrical activity in the 1960s which radically transformed our understanding of the heart. Dr. Noble’s contributions have revolutionized our understanding of cardiac function and the broader field of biology. His work continues to challenge long-standing biological concepts, including gene-centric views like Neo-Darwinism. In this episode, Dr. Noble discusses his critiques of fundamental biological theories that have shaped science for over 80 years, such as the gene self-replication model and the Weissmann barrier. He advocates for a more holistic, systems-based approach to biology, where genes, cells, and their environments interact in complex networks rather than a one-way deterministic process. We dive deep into Dr. Noble's argument that biology needs to move beyond reductionist views, emphasizing that life is more than just the sum of its genetic code. He explains how AI struggles to replicate even simple biological systems, and how biology’s complexity suggests that life’s logic lies not in DNA alone but in the entire organism. The conversation covers his thoughts on the flaws of Neo-Darwinism, the influence of environmental factors on evolution, and the future of biology as a field that recognizes the interaction between nature and nurture. We also explore the implications of his work for health and longevity, and how common perspectives on genetics might need rethinking.All the topics we covered in the episode: -The critique of Neo-Darwinism and the future of evolutionary theory. -Systems biology: Understanding life beyond the gene. -The complexity of biology: Why reductionism falls short. -Evolution and inheritance: The role of environment in shaping species. -Health implications of Dr. Noble’s work: Longevity, lifestyle, and the limits of genome-based predictions. Join us for a thrilling discussion on the future of biology, evolution, and the practical implications for health and science. Follow our host, Waheed Rahman (@iwaheedo), for more updates on tech, civilizational growth, progress studies, and emerging markets. Timestamps: (00:00) - Intro (03:04) - Why Was The Last 80 Years of Biology Wrong? (08:17) - Where does Logic come from? (13:03) - Is Evolution Truly Random or Driven by Purpose? (22:05) - Is Nurture more important than Nature? (29:06) - Denis Noble calls for a rewrite of all Biology textbooks (32:48) - Is Neo-Darwinism Just a Model? Understanding the Difference Between Evolution and the Creationism Debate (39:22) - Natural Selection vs. Lamarckian Evolution: How Darwin Changed Our Understanding of Survival Traits (46:03) - Reductionism vs. Integrationism in Science: How the 'Third Way' Challenges Neo-Darwinism (49:43) - What Does Epigenetics Mean for the Average Person? How Denis Noble's Paradigm Shift Impacts Everyday Health and Life? (69:29) - Is Western Science Facing a Paradigm Shift? Rethinking How We Determine Truth and Health in Light of Eastern and Western Influences (75:21) - Why Reductionism Dominates Science: The Political and Practical Challenges of Embracing a Systems Biology Approach (82:49) - Can We Trust AI to Behave Ethically? The Need to Connect Philosophy with Technology in AI Development (86:46) - Outro